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山东自考报名入口-自考英语(一)复习(42)
3)含有情态动词的被动语态:
含有情态动词的被动语态的结构:情态动词+be+过去分词。
如:You must shut these doors.你必须把这些门关上。(主动)
These doors must be shut.这些门必须关上。(被动)
You should have told him.你本应该告诉他。(主动)
He should have been told.本应该告诉他才是。(被动)
4)带有直接宾语和间接宾语的句子,变为被动语态的时候,只把一个宾语变为主语,另外一个宾语保留在动词后面,这种句子可以有两个被动句。
如:His teacher gave him a book.他的老师给了他一本书。(主动)
A book was given to him by his teacher.(被动)
He was given a book by his teacher. (被动)
Someone gave her a dog.有人送给她一只狗。(主动)
A dog was given to her. (被动)
She was given a dog. (被动)
两种被动语态中,第二种形式比第一种形式更为常用,即应该把间接宾语变为被动语态的主语。
5)含有复合宾语的主动句变为被动句时,将宾语变为主语,宾补仍保留在动词之后,成为主补。
如:We call him Xiao Wang.我们叫他小王。(主动)
He was called Xiao Wang.他被叫小王。(被动)
We asked the teacher to explain the sentence again.我们要求老师把这个句子再解释一次。(主动)
The teacher was asked to explain the sentence again.老师被要求把这个句子再解释一次。(被动)
注:make, hear, watch, see, feel, let, have等动词在主动语态中,其后作宾补的不定式一般不带to,但当用于被动句时,后面作宾补的不定式必须带有to。
如:She saw a man go into the room.她看见一个男人走进屋里。(主动)